Node:Example 7, Previous:Example 6, Up:Tutorial

Example 7

In this example, we design the zero-order-hold compensator example from Oppenheim and Schafer, Discrete-Time Signal Processing, 1st ed., Section 7.7.2.

The specifications are as follows. The sampling frequency is 2 PI, the passband is [0..0.4 PI], the stopband is [0.6 PI..PI]. The frequency response is not flat in the passband, but it has the form H(f) = (f / 2) / (sin (f / 2)). (See Oppenheim and Schafer for why you may want such a filter.) The stopband error is 1/10 of the passband error. The specification file follows.

(title "Compensation for Zero-Order Hold")

(cosine-symmetry)
(filter-length 29)

(define pi (* 4 (atan 1)))   ; pi = 3.14...
(define 2pi (* 2 pi))        ; 2pi = 2 * pi
(define (*2pi x) (* 2pi x))  ; a function that multiplies x by 2pi

(sampling-frequency (*2pi 1))
(define passband (band 0 (*2pi 0.2)))
(define stopband (band (*2pi 0.3) (*2pi 0.5)))

(limit-= passband (lambda (f)
                    (if (= f 0)
                        1
                        (/ (/ f 2) (sin (/ f 2))))))

(limit-= stopband 0 .1)

(output-file "example-7.coef")
(plot-file "example-7.plot")

(go)

A graph of the frequency response follows.

This example does not really introduce any new gmeteor concept, but it shows some more useful Scheme constructs.

The expression (define var value) defines a new variable var with value value. The similar expression (define (var arg) body) defines a function, and it is equivalent to (define var (lambda (arg) body)).

A variable can contain an arbitrary object. In particular, the expression

(define passband (band 0 (*2pi 0.2)))

The expression (if test if-expr else-expr) denotes a conditional expression. In our example, we use it to avoid division by 0.